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William Rush and His Model
''William Rush and His Model'' is the name given to several paintings by Thomas Eakins, one set from 1876–77 and the other from 1908. These works depict the American wood sculptor William Rush in 1808, carving his statue ''Water Nymph and Bittern'' for a fountain at Philadelphia's first waterworks. The water nymph is an allegorical figure representing the Schuylkill River, which provided the city's drinking water, and on her shoulder is a bittern, a native waterbird related to the heron. Hence, these works are also known as ''William Rush Carving His Allegorical Figure of the Schuylkill River''.
==Eakins and Rush==
Eakins's interest in William Rush originated from a desire to restore Rush's name to prominence in the history of American art. Eakins taught at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, of which Rush had been a founder. Eakins was a strong believer in teaching human anatomy, and insisted that his students study from nude models. Since it is unlikely that Rush had employed a nude model for his sculpture of a draped water nymph,〔Philadelphia Museum of Art, 1995, 287〕 the painting may be viewed as Eakins's demonstration of the importance of studying anatomy from nudes.
In 1872, Rush's statue of ''Water Nymph and Bittern'' was stripped of its white paint, and a bronze copy was cast to be the centerpiece of a fountain near the Fairmount Waterworks. Eakins was able to study both versions, and his notes document the deteriorated condition of the wooden original. Only its head survives, in the collection of the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts.〔''William Rush, American Sculptor'', exhibition catalogue, Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, 1982, pp. 114–17.〕
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